How to Answer a 'Critically Analyse' Essay Question

'Critically analyse' asks for more than description. You are asked to break the subject into parts, weigh assumptions and evidence, and reach a judgement.

Step-by-step

1. Step 1: Identify the object
   Name precisely what you are analysing. A theory, a case, a text, a policy.
2. Step 2: Break it into parts
   Split the object into components (assumptions, arguments, evidence, method, conclusions). Each is analysable.
3. Step 3: Interrogate each part
   For each part ask: what is claimed, what is the evidence, what is missing, what alternatives exist?
4. Step 4: Weigh and judge
   Take a position on the strength of the whole. Marks reward argued judgement, not neutrality.
5. Step 5: Support with citations
   Every substantive claim cites peer-reviewed evidence.

Common mistakes to avoid

• Describing without analysing
• Treating criticism as complaint
• Avoiding a judgement

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